Military branches A mixed aircraft and ship formation of military vehicles during an exercise with USN and JASDF vehicles. Within each departmental agency will be found administrative branches responsible for further agency business specialization work. Then there are the heads of specific departmental agencies responsible for the provision and management of specific skill- and knowledge-based services such as strategic advice, capability development assessment, or military science provision of research, and design and development of technologies. Subordinated to that position are often secretaries for specific major operational divisions of the armed forces as a whole, such as those that provide general support services to the military, including their dependants.
In presidential systems, such as the United States, the president is the commander-in-chief, and the cabinet-level defense minister is second in command.
The usually civilian or partly civilian executive control over the national military organization is exercised in democracies by an elected political leader as a member of the government's cabinet, usually known as a minister of defence. These in turn manage military branches that themselves command formations and units specialising in combat, combat support and combat-service support.Įxecutive control, management and administration In modern times, executive control, management and administration of military organization is typically undertaken by governments through a government department within the structure of public administration, often known as a ministry of defence or department of defense. The use of formalized ranks in a hierarchical structure came into widespread use with the Roman Army.
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